Time Scheduled Channel Hopping (TSCH) is a deterministic MAC layer that introduces channel hopping across a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) schedule. We attempt to lay out these assumptions, and show how they are challenged by the realities within a LLN. This ultimately forces a rethink of many of the assumptions traditionally held in SDN architecture. Yet the high-overhead approach of traditional SDN networks, where devices can enjoy large flowtables and quick responses from the controller, isn’t possible within a constrained LLN environment.
The protocols governing these networks employ a variety of techniques in order to manage these limitations, and the IEEE 802.15.4 stack has allowed the IoT to be extended to even the smallest of devices. Low Power and Lossy Networks face an even greater set of challenges, as they are typically made up of embedded devices where nodes are constrained in terms of energy, processing, and memory. However, the concept faces difficulties when trying to apply it within a wireless medium, where issues such as channel contention, interference, mobility, and topology management need to be addressed. Over the last decade SDN has generated considerable academic and industrial interest, and has been successfully applied to areas such as data-center and optical networks. Since each cell is scheduled at a known time, tracks are essentially a deterministic slice of the network bandwidth, with a guaranteed minimum bounded latency. Each cell represents an atomic unit of bandwidth, and allocated cells are dedicated to that particular track. Tracks are created by slicing the TSCH schedule, and reserving buffer resources, at each hop along a route between a source and destination node. Additionally, 6TiSCH introduces the concept of tracks: a Layer-2 mesh-under forwarding mechanism which allows low-latency paths across the network. The frequency and time diversity achieved from the TSCH schedule gives greater protection against a lossy network environment, and by specifying how that schedule is managed, 6TiSCH provides a platform to deliver Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to network traffic. This is particularly relevant in industrial process control, automation, and monitoring applications: where failures or loss of communications can jeopardize safety processes, or have knock-on effects on processes down-the-line.
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READ FULL TEXT VIEW PDFĪpproach: However, the recent standardization effort from the IETF 6TiSCH Working Group (WG) aims to enable reliable IPv6 communications on top of IEEE 802.15.4-2015 Time Scheduled Channel Hopping (TSCH) networks. We then show that by slicing the network through theĪllocation of dedicated resources along a SDN control path, tracks provide anĮffective means of mitigating the cost of SDN control overhead in IEEEĨ02.15.4-2015 TSCH networks. Using our own lightweight SDN implementation for Contiki OS, we firstlyĭemonstrate the effect of SDN control traffic on application data flows acrossĪ 6TiSCH network.
Not only does this prevent control trafficįrom affecting the performance of other data flows, but the properties ofĦTiSCH tracks allows deterministic, low-latency SDN controller communication. This paper proposes using 6TiSCH tracks, a Layer-2 slicing mechanismįor creating dedicated forwarding paths across TSCH networks, in order to The overhead generated by SDN can severely affect the performance of other Traffic subject to jitter due to unreliable links and network contention, but However, implementing a centralized SDN architecture in a Low PowerĪnd Lossy Network (LLN) faces considerable challenges: not only is controller Identified as means of providing centralized control in a number of key
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Within 6TiSCH, Software Defined Networking (SDN) has been Hopping (TSCH) and the IETF 6TiSCH Working Group (WG), aim to provideĭeterministic communications and efficient allocation of resources acrossĬonstrained Internet of Things (IoT) networks, particularly in Industrial IoT Recent standardization efforts in IEEE 802.15.4-2015 Time Scheduled Channel
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